Multicast Listener Discovery

The Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) protocol is used by IPv6 routers to discover multicast listeners that are directly connected to the firewall. MLD performs a similar function for IPv6 that IGMP is used for in IPv4. There are two versions of MLD. MLDv1 is similar to IGMPv2, and MLDv2 similar to IGMPv3.

 

Multicast Listener Discovery Versions

MLD Version

RFC

URL

MLDv1

RFC 2710

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2710

MLDv2

RFC 3810

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3810

MLD functionality does not require any explicit configuration. There are several variables that can be fine-tuned to modify the MLD behavior:

Multicast Router Query Interval: Specifies the length in seconds between MLD queries. The default value is 125 seconds.
Multicast Last Listener Query Interval: The maximum time that the router waits before deleting a nonresponsive port from the multicast group. Reducing this value will reduce the time required for the firewall to detect the departure of the last listener for a multicast address or source. The default value is 1000 milliseconds (1 second).
Multicast Router Query Response Interval: The Maximum Response Delay that is inserted into the periodic MLD queries. By varying the Multicast Router Query Response Interval, an administrator may tune the burstiness of MLD messages on the link; larger values make the traffic less bursty, as host responses are spread out over a larger interval. The Multicast Router Query Response Interval must be less than the Query Interval.The default value is 10000 milliseconds (10 seconds).
Multicast Router Robustness Variable: Specifies the number of queries that will be sent with no response before the target is deleted. This variable allows tuning the protocol according to the expected packet loss on a link. For lossy links (wireless connections, for example), the value of the Robustness Variable may be increased. The default value is 2. The Robustness Variable should not be configured for less than 2.